Linkages between gender, environment, and climate change
Globally, women and girls are often more vulnerable to impacts of climate change and environmental degradation than men. This is often due to traditional gender roles, women's greater dependence on natural resources, and their higher poverty rates. Addressing gender inequality and ensuring equal participation of women in environmental governance can lead to more effective, inclusive, and sustainable environmental management.
Environmental sustainability is crucial for gender equality, where women’s leadership and participation is critical for holistic and sustainable outcomes
A clean and healthy environment, including biodiversity and ecosystem services, is essential for gender equality because it directly impacts the well-being, opportunities, and safety of both women and men, but often in different ways. For instance, while a healthy environment benefits public health for everyone, women – especially in terms of maternal and reproductive health –will benefit significantly from cleaner and safer surroundings. A sustainable environment also provides more reliable access to natural resources, reducing the time and effort women spend on tasks like collecting water and fuel. This can free up time for education, work, and social participation. Furthermore, a stable climate and healthy environment contribute to greater security and protection for women and girls, particularly in vulnerable settings. It also refers to the risks that women and girls face during forced displacement and migration, exacerbated by climate change. Women's leadership and participation in environmental matters are critical, as they often bring different perspectives and priorities.
Gender inequality often contributes to poverty and drives over-exploitation of natural resources
Gender inequality can harm the environment in several ways. For instance, gender inequality often contributes to poverty, which can drive over-exploitation of natural resources, as women and their families struggle to survive. Additionally, women, particularly in developing countries, may face barriers to education, employment, and economic independence, limiting their ability to advocate for and implement sustainable environmental practices. When women are underrepresented in decision-making on natural resource management, climate change and environmental policy, the diversity of perspectives is reduced, hindering the development of more inclusive, sustainable, and eco-friendly solutions.
